MS OFFICE WORD COMPLETE GUIDE: Basic To Advance

Sintec Bikash

 MS OFFICE WORD COMPLETE GUIDE: Basic To Advance// MS WORD FULL COURSE will acquaint with Microsoft Office Word application with best examples. So keep on reading till the end to get solid result.

Introduction to office 2007

Microsoft has introduced an entire new user interface for programs in office 2007. The new office 2007 user interface is used by most of the office programs including word, excel, power point and access. The user interface in office 2003 was based on menus and toolbars, where users had to click through menus, submenus and dialog boxes to find the features and commands that they wanted to use. The drawbacks of office 2003 user interface have been addressed in office 2007 by the introduction of a user interface that is more intuitive, easier to navigate and better suited to the task to be performed. In this new user interface the menus and toolbars are replaced with a ribbon and an office button. You can notice that at the top left corner of the window is the office button, clicking on which displays a menu of file commands, such as new, open, and save. The title bar is at the top of the window. At the left corner of the title bar is the quick access toolbar that contains a set of the most commonly used commands. The middle of the title bar contains the name of the opened file and the office program being used. At the right corner of the title bar is a set of program window controls, which are used to minimize, restore or maximize and close the program window.

Just below the title bar is the ribbon, which groups almost all the commands that are used in an office program under different tabs. At the top left corner of the ribbon is the help button. Below the ribbon is the work area, which is the area where you add and work with data in an office program. Depending on the office program you are working with the work area may be a document, a worksheet or a slide. In the right and bottom of the work area are vertical and horizontal scroll bars respectively which you can use to scroll through the contents of the opened file.

At the bottom of the window is the status bar. The right side of the status bar consists of buttons called as program views. You can switch between these buttons to see different views of your office file. At the right most corner of the status bar, there are zoom controls, which you can use to zoom in or zoom out the view of your office file.

Office button

The office button is displayed at the top left corner of the program window. Clicking the office button displays a drop down menu showing option for different file management tasks, such as creating, opening, saving, printing and closing an office file. Hence the office button is also known as new file menu. The options in the drop down menu of the office button are grouped into three categories and each category of options is separated with its adjacent category of options by a horizontal bar.

 

 

Quick access toolbar

The quick access toolbar is present to the right of the office button on the program window. It contains a set of commands that we most often use while working with an office program. By default the quick access toolbar contains save, undo, redo button. You can customize the quick access toolbar by adding more commands to it or removing a command from it. To customize the quick access toolbar, you can click the customize quick access toolbar button, which is present to the immediate right of the quick access toolbar in the program window. Clicking the customize quick access toolbar button displays a drop down menu as you can see below

Ribbon

The ribbon is present just below the title bar in the office 2007 user interface. It encapsulates almost all the commands and tools that were present inside menus and toolbars in office 2003 user interface with the addition of a lot of new commands and tools. All commands in the ribbon are grouped under some tabs with each tab having commands of a specific category. The most basic commands used in an office program are kept inside the home tab, which is present in office programs including word, excel, power point and access. To reduce cluttering in the ribbon, some tabs are shown only when they are needed. These tabs are called contextual tabs.

Command tabs

A command tab or simply tab is a collection of commands of a specific category. Commands in a command tab are kept into different groups, also called command sets, you can click on a command tab on the ribbon to view the commands grouped under that command tab. Commands that display when you click the home tab on the ribbon in word 2007 are shown as insert, home, page layout etc.

Command sets

A command set is a collection of commands that are used for similar purposes. The name of the command set is displayed just below the commands in the command set. You can see in ribbon figure given above. The font command set present under home tab on the ribbon is displaying the command such as font, font size, bold, italic and underline etc. some command sets also contain galleries besides commands. A gallery displays visual option that can be applied to some text or an object added to an office file.

Dialog box launcher

Commands that exist in command set can also be accessed using the dialog boxes. These dialog boxes can be opened by clicking on button known as dialog box launcher. A dialog box launcher is present at the bottom right corner of a command set. You can see a dialog box launcher at the bottom right corner of the font command set. Clicking on this dialog box launcher will open a dialog box named as font as you can see here.

Contextual tabs

Contextual tabs or context sensitive tabs are the tabs that are not always visible on the ribbon. They only appear when they are needed. The idea behind the presence of these tabs is to prevent the ribbon from being overcrowded and also to keep the commands away, which are used only occasionally. Contextual tabs appear on the ribbon when you add or select some object such as an image, a table or a chart on the file. These tabs appear to the right of the already existing tabs on the ribbon.

 

Key tips

Key tips are the small indicators that display keyboard shortcuts, to the commands available on the office 2007 user interface on them. The keyboard shortcut displayed by a key tip may be a single letter, a number or a combination of letters and numbers. Pressing the Alt key from the keyboard displays key tip on the office button. You can press any key tip, displaying on a tab name from the keyboard to make the key tips appear on the commands present on that tab. You can go back to the previous state by pressing Esc key from the keyboard.

Mini toolbar

A mini toolbar containing the most commonly used text formatting commands, which appear on the screen when you select some text in an office file and move the mouse pointer over the selected text. It helps us to quickly access the commands that you most often need while working with an office program. A mini toolbar also appears just above or just below the context menu when you right click somewhere inside an office file.

Live preview

Live preview is a new and exciting feature introduced in office 2007 that enables us to see the outcome of selecting an option from a drop down menu or a gallery prior to actually selecting the option. It makes us free from repeatedly trying options from a drop down menu or a gallery until you gets the option that you actually want to use.

Introduction of Microsoft Word 2007

                                            In today’s technology driven world, activities such as creating, managing and maintaining document have become integral part of our day to day business. The documents serve as a resource of information for an organization and help in business activities such as decision making, planning, and knowledge sharing and information analysis. Today even a small organization needs to create and manage documents. You can use a word processor to cater to your needs of creating and managing documents required for your day to day business. A word processor is a software application that helps create, modify and save a document electronically. When you create a document, you type some text into a word processor or any similar software application and save it on the hard disk of your computer. You can manage your documents by modifying or editing the text in a word processor and printing it, if required.

                                        The main advantage of using a word processor over a conventional typewriter is that in a word processor you can correct a typing mistake in the document without making a complete new document. Similarly you can make any other changes such as structuring the paragraphs and sentences in the documents. With a word processor you can send the document electronically across the world within few second. Finally when all the changes to the documents are made, you can get the print out of the document by sending it to a printer. Microsoft word is an example of word processor application. MS Word is very popular word processor in use today. You can create PDF (Portable Document File) and save into it.

Applying basic formatting

A simple looking document never captures user’s attention. In order to make it look attractive, you need to format the entire document. Formatting is a technique of making the document look attractive by performing countless operations on a document, for example by changing the appearance of the text and of the page. You can apply formatting to different parts of your text starting from a single character to an entire paragraph.

Working with style

One of the aims of introducing Microsoft word 2007 was to help the user spend less time on formatting and more time on writing. You can now format your text quickly and easily giving a consistent look and feel throughout the document with style. A style is a very powerful means of defining how the text in your document should look like. Once styles are defined, you just need to apply them on your text. The default styles in world include heading 1, heading 2, heading 3 and normal. With the help of style you need not have to choose options from any dialog box but just choose a style from the quick style gallery or through style window.

Using Find, Replace and Go to

You can use the Find option to search the word in the whole document and Replace option to replace one by one all the occurrences of the text in the document with some other suitable word. The Go to option helps in locating the page you want to view in the whole document provided you know the page number. Let us follow the steps to perform these operations as given below.

Printing word document

You cannot say that after the introduction of computers the paper work has been eliminated. We still depend on hard copies of documents. More over printing makes reading easier.

Working with graphics and tables

Introduction

                   The general notion that we people have about word processors is that they are used mostly for adding, manipulating and formatting of textual data. Apart from this word processors can be used for adding tables and graphical objects in textual documents. Word 2007 offers numerous extensive new features and tools to add tables and graphical objects such as Quick Tables and Smart Arts. Quick Tables are some preformatted tables styles that are available in Quick Tables gallery and Smart Arts are easily editable and formatted diagrams divided into different categories such as list, process, cycle and hierarchy.

Working with basic graphical objects

You can use broadly two types of graphical objects to enhance your document- drawing objects and pictures. Drawing objects include diagrams, curves, lines and shapes such as rectangles and circles. Pictures refer to graphics created from another file such as bitmap image, photographs and clip arts. You can use the Illustrations group under the Insert tab to add graphical objects to your document. Let’s now learn to insert graphical object in a document.

Inserting a Smart Art

The newly introduced smart Art graphics feature of Microsoft office 2007 combines’ text, predefined shapes and in some cases arrows and images into a diagram. The output that you get is a professional looking graphic object that can add value to your document. You can use a Smart Art to illustrate concepts under seven main categories: list, process, cycle, Hierarchy, relationship, matrix and pyramid. This feature helps you in creating a wide range of presentation graphics.

Working with Table

Tables organize and present related information in an organized manner. With the help of tables you can format the text, structure the document, and add a little bit of professional look to your document. You can create a table using different methods which are discussed in the following section.

 

 

 

Designing and reviewing a word document

Introduction

For a professional looking document, it is very important that the writer should concentrate on the designing aspects of the document by setting page margin, inserting page breaks and page orientation etc.

Inserting Header and Footers

Headers and footers are identifiers that appear at the top and bottom of a document respectively

Changing page setup

As you can change the presentation aspect of a document by making the text bold, italics and underlines in the same way you can change the page setup option as well

Applying Themes

You can very easily format your document giving it a professional and modern look by applying theme on it.

Spelling and Grammar check

Proof reading your document refers to examining the text against errors and grammatical mistake. Always make it a practice to proof read your document before handing it over to others. Microsoft Word comes with a number of tools to ensure that your document is nearly letter perfect. The tool available for checking spelling mistakes is called spelling and grammar checker.

Tracking changes within your document

When many people revise a document, it becomes really difficult to figure out exactly who made revisions to what. And most importantly it becomes impossible to know how the first draft looked like. In order to know the changes done to document’s text, Microsoft word offers the Track Changes command. When you turn on this command, any changes to the document are recorded in a different color for each reviewer.

Book mark

Create a bookmark to assign a name to a specific point in document. It helps user to reach the point easily. You can create hyperlinks to book marks to find it directly.

Footnote and Endnote

Footnotes and endnotes are used in printed documents to explain, comment on, or provide references for text in a document

Conclusion:

We can conclude that this article has given you lots of ideas about Microsoft Word application through practical methods. 

Reasons of Unemployment in India

 

Five Reasons of Unemployment in India

Introduction (what is unemployment?)

Unemployment has become a common issue for many countries in the world today. Especially the most population countries are facing such problem significantly. Unemployment means having no earning and earning source for an individual. It means having no job and no business. Lack of income or no income at all reflects the picture of unemployment of a particular state and nation. When individual leads life without earning is said to be unemployed.  

 

 

Unemployment scenario of India

Indians are larger victims of unemployment in the world. And India is one of the worst countries where most of the youth don’t have any income source. There in every family you can find unemployed youths. Youth means those are more than 18 year of age. Both boys and girls remain idle without work though they are educated. Even for a post of security guard, graduates apply to earn. Many states of India face tragic situation regarding employment. States like Odisha, Bihar and Chhattisgarh helplessly send their people to other state for earning. Over employed is another evidence of pathetic condition of youths in India.           

 

 

Various prominent causes of unemployment in India

There are many prominent causes that create and increase unemployment situation in India. Out of those five reasons discussed as follow.

 

 

Population growth

                     The foremost reason, high population growth rate in India, gives birth to unemployment badly. 125 billion of people including Hindu, Muslims, Christians, Janis, Buddhist and other minor religions live together in India. The population density in proportionate to land area is very high. Every year Especially Islamic religion people have no limit for birth. According to their religious belief and practice they can have more than one spouse.  And they knowingly increase their numbers to be at par or more then Hindus in India. It eventually minimizes the job opportunity for other religion people as well as it creates heavy competition among entrepreneurs.

 

 

Unskilled, partly skilled and uneducated

                                      Most of the Indians are unskilled or partly skilled because of no free skill development program carry on by government and administration for common men and women. Parents lacking skill cannot impart skill to their children. So that most of the people are unskilled by birth. The paid skill development programs conducted by private institutions are beyond the capacity of middle class civilians of our country. Those are uneducated cannot cope up with the changing scenario of employment. They are forcefully working under low wage. Traditional skill is out of date to compete with new necessities of modern world.      

 

Poor education system

                              In India, traditional system of education still prevails. That is suitable to get good marks in examination but with this knowledge an individual fails to earn. Our school and college education lacks vocational and practical knowledge of working is a major cause of unemployment. Indian education system is based on theory that is meant for obtaining good mark in exam. Only some students can achieve their targets by studying hard. Average student never succeed immensely. Even trainers and teachers are of poor level to make students efficient. That is why success rate is very low. Ultimately the rate of unemployment goes very high for higher authority positions. Moreover the competition for front level and lower level post is more struggles full for numerous candidates. The educational policy adapted by administration department is also not satisfactory to change the unemployment scenario effectively.      

 

Political issues and constitutional mistakes

                    Dirty politics is one of the prominent causes of unemployment in India. Policies made for job appointment by politicians are mostly in favor of their party and party supporters. Political leaders actually play with the feature of youths for their selfishness. In fact desired candidate fail to secure a job owing to politicians partiality for their supporters and voters. There is a big conspiracy against youths belongs to general cast for job in the shield of reservation for minorities. It indicates the partiality for SC, ST, OBC and other minor class people. It was adapted and influenced by the political leaders of India to manipulate the system and constitution in favor of them. This trend still prevails in our country and creates disturbance for government job appointment. Such cast discrimination chaos the private sector appointment system as well.      

 

Lack of Industry and entrepreneurship

                             It is a drawback of India lacking sufficient industry set ups to provide adequate appointment. Some complicated rules of constitution act as barrier for new start up. Hence there is less scope for income from industries as well as own business. Insufficient funding is another reason for lack of industry. Indian governing banks were providing very less number of loan to start ups. In addition to lack of commerce knowledge the partnership firms are also very less in our country. These all reveals the unemployment situation of our country.  Owing to such reason most of the people reside in village focus on seasonal cultivation. If monsoon fails, crops also fail. Ultimately labours and farmers became unemployed for a year.

 

Conclusion

                Apart from these five main reasons there are many other factors that hinder the employment figure. All causes together decrease the chances of getting job for an individual. That is why in our country we face a challenging scene of employment. Thank you.

Aravalli Protest

Comprehensive Guide: Understanding the UGC in India: Roles, Functions, and Importance

 

"Comprehensive Guide: Understanding the UGC in India: Roles, Functions, and Importance"// Protest against UGC in 2026

Introduction

"Comprehensive Guide: Understanding the UGC in India: Roles, Functions, and Importance" will give you clear picture of "UGC (University Grants Commission) in India" which is a statutory body of Indian government under minister of education that coordinates, determine and maintain standard of higher education of colleges and universities all over India. It has its head quarter in New Delhi with six regional centres all over the country. It regulates universities, provides recognition and fixes academic standard. It was established in year 1956.

 

Functions of UGC

The functions of UGC as follows

 

Recognition of Universities: It is the only body that gives recognition to all new universities in India. According to UGC all universities are categorized under central, state, deemed and private according to criteria set for it.

 

Funding Higher Education: UGC decides whether to sanction government fund or not to any university or college for further development of institution and its infrastructure.

 

Setting standard: UGC sets regulations for standard education and examination that includes best teaching standard, fair examination and research in college.

 

Conducting Exams: UGC conducts exams like NET (National Eligibility Test) for recruiting Professor and assistant professors for lectureship. It also finds Junior Research Fellowships (JRF).

 

Quality Assurance: It determines and instructs universities and colleges to maintain standard quality of education at par with UGC norms and NAAC. 

 

Importance of UGC:

It plays an important role for education in India. It is the only body which distinguishes between standard and non-standard universities all over the country. It also monitors and identifies fake universities to protect students and their career. It is mandatory to follow guidelines of UGC to open and run university anywhere in India.

 

 

Protest against UGC in 2026

 

By General students

There is protest by general or unreserved students of many universities across Utter Pradesh for two main reasons.

One is that the new bill is in favor of SC,ST and OBC as it removes the barrier of discrimination among caste based groups like General, SC, ST and OBC.

The second is the threat of misuse of the rule against general or unreserved students in highly charged campus by reserved students.

 

By SC, ST and OBC students

Some scholars claim that the new UGC bill will weaken the 2012 guidelines by removing discriminatory act which prevents them from mistreatment. They demand immediate reformation and stronger protection act to be implemented.  

 Aravalli Protest

 

Opinion

No doubt "UGC in India" is one of the legal bodies that gives birth to new universities, controls them and coordinates tactfully. The article "Comprehensive Guide: Understanding the UGC in India: Roles, Functions, and Importance" showed all about it in detail. It ensures the quality education as well as development of colleges with government fund support. Some decisions taken by UGC sometimes shows negative impact as well. But rest assured it is in process of implementation now. The authority will certainly take appropriate steps to find permanent solution of such chaos.   

All about Subhadra Yojana in Odisha

All about Subhadra Yojana in Odisha// Why many beneficiaries are excluded from Subhadra Yojana in Odisha?

 

Introduction (What is Subhadra Yojana?)

Subhadra Yojana is a women centric project designed for economic growth of women in India. The prime objective of this Yojana is to empower women economically and to improve their living status. It was launched on 17 September, 2024 by Prime Minister Mr. Narendra Damodardas Modi on occasion of his birth day. It was a monetary assistant for all daughters, sisters and mothers of India from our venerable Prime Minister. The article "All about Subhadra Yojana in Odisha" will help you out to understand the project more better.   

 

Benefits of Subhadra Yojana

Any woman age between 21 and 60 can get Rupees 50000 (fifty thousand) financial benefit under this Yojana. The total money will be credited to beneficiaries’ bank account directly in ten installments. Each installment will carry Rs.5000 twice a year. Applicant may visit Anganbadi, or Block or Common service centers, or Mo seba Kendra, or Jana Seba Kendra to apply for Subhadra Yojana. Apart from it there are some special conditions required to avail the benefits of the project.

The criteria are as follow. 

1.    She must be Indian.

2.    Age should be between 21 and 60

3.    Economic status must be under NFSA (National food security act) or SFSS (State food security scheme)

4.    Total family income should not exceed 2.5 lakh annually.

 

Why many beneficiaries are excluded from Subhadra Yojana?

Key Reasons for exclusion are as follows

1.    Government employees are not eligible for this Yojana.

2.    If beneficiary gets other financial benefits more than rupees 1500 monthly or rupees 18000 yearly under other scheme of government will not fit for this purpose.

3.    If beneficiary own vehicle will be excluded from this scheme.

4.    If beneficiary posses more than 5 acre of farming land will be unlisted.

5.    If data given in application form, adhara card and other document mismatch each other, the application will be rejected.

6.    Incomplete KYC, delinking of bank account and lack of ration card is a valid cause of rejection.

 

How to resolve the problems?

Some of the issues are unavoidable while some problems can be solved by filling grievance online or offline. For this purpose the victim may visit to concerned block authority or visit mo seba Kendra, Jana Seba Kendra and other common service centers all over India.

Once grievance filed, the concerned body officers or agents may visit physically for enquiry. The final decision will be taken towards your grievance by Yojna Authoriy.

 

If you are considered eligible applicant, you will avail the scheme regularly. Or else you will be unlisted from the applicant list.  

 

 

Opinion

The scheme is like some of the other scheme which is meant for politics and political success. It is like showing sympathy one way and gripping voters other way. Also government does not have such heavy fund to assist public because we are living in a indebted country. We all are having a liability over our head from international banks. Then how it is possible to distribute such heavy amount to beneficiaries is a matter of headache. Any way this is not only scheme that has hidden motive but also many other schemes under previous governments had also been  implemented to win the thorn. It was proved from this article "All about Subhadra Yojana in Odisha". Jago grahak jago. It is your turn to be careful while choosing your government.   

All about asteroid and Impact of Asteroid on earth.

 

*Impact of Asteroid on the earth// What if asteroid hits on the earth?

 

Our universe

The universe is miracle of super natural power. We can see millions of stars, planets, sub planets, asteroids, meteors, meteorites, comets and many more celestial bodies. There are many constellations found in the sky like Ursa Major or Greater Bear or Great Bear, Orion, Cassiopeia, Taurus, Leo, Scorpio, Crux etc. These are located in different galaxies in the sky. A few celestial bodies can be seen with naked eyes from earth but most of them are beyond the reach of our vision. The article "All about asteroid and Impact of Asteroid on earth" will help you out to understand the matter better than ever.     

 

Asteroid in our solar system

Milky Way galaxy is one of the well known galaxies in the universe. Solar System is found in this galaxy. The sun and its eight planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune), asteroids, meteors and comets together form solar system. The sun occupies the central position and its other family members move around it. Except Venus all other planets moves from west to east direction on their orbits. But the Venus goes from east to west around the sun on its orbit. The moving of these planets around the sun is known as revolution.

 

What is asteroid in our solar system?  

Asteroids are found between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. These are the fragments of big planets created by collision between planets ages ago. The asteroids are made of iron, nickel and carbon. These are seen in the form of metallic rock revolving around the sun in the solar system. These are numerous in number and attracted by gravitational force of Jupiter. That is why asteroids do not fall or slips out from their orbit. But sometimes these asteroids go beyond their orbit due to less impact of gravitation force of Jupiter on it.       

 

Why asteroids hit earth crust?

The earth pulls these fallen asteroids towards it by its gravitational force. The fallen asteroids are rocks of fire. However these wrecked rock fragments when enter into atmosphere of earth, smash into ash owing to heavy friction between air and asteroid. Many asteroids are so big to destroy completely in atmosphere and come to earth surface in small size. Usually such small rock residuals cannot impact or hamper the earth and lives on earth. If the size of residual asteroids is very big then it can damage and destroy the lives as well as the whole vegetation on the earth.

  

 

Impacts of asteroid hit on earth crust

There can be immediate impact and long term impact of asteroid hit on earth crust.

Immediate impacts:

1.    Sudden increase in temperature of the whole world.

2.    Acid rain fall that can damage aquatic life as well as land life.

3.    Tsunami impact in ocean that can bring mass destruction all over the world.

4.    Earth quake impact on weak zone from earth quake point of view.

5.    Extinction of life both flora and fauna closer to asteroid hit area.

6.     Crater formation that may create imbalance on surface of earth.

Long term impact:

1.    Climate change drastically leads to change in seasonal effect on life.

2.    Mass extinction of life on earth like dinosaur and other animals and birds.

Aravalli Protest  

 

Conclusion

According to the article "All about asteroid and Impact of Asteroid on earth"; Asteroid is a natural space object which revolves around the sun on their orbits between mars and Jupiter. These are very dangerous to our earth if they collide with it. But there is less chance of such incident due to advancement of science and technology. There is no need to worry about falling and striking of asteroid on earth. Thank you.