Translation Conditional Clause // If Clause// translation Odia To English

CONDITIONAL CLAUSE// IF CLAUSE

 

If he runs fast, he will reach in time.

 

If I had an umbrella, I would give it to you.

 

If she had invited me, I would have attended the function.

 

Types of conditional sentence:

Open Condition	Unfulfilled Condition	Imaginary Condition
Def.: A condition which may or may not be fulfilled	Def.: A condition which might have been fulfilled, but is not.	Def.: A condition which could not be true.

 

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Structure of conditional sentence:

 

If you boil water, it turns to vapor.

 

CONDITION	IF CLAUSE	MAIN CLAUSE
Open Condition	Present Simple	Present Simple
	Present tense	Future Simple
	Future Simple	Future Simple

 

Example:

Ø If you heat ice it turns to water

Ø If it rains, he will not come in time.

Ø If you will find the purse, I will reward you.

Ø If you are waiting for a taxi, you should better go there.

Ø If you have finished dinner, I will ask the waiter for ice cream.

 

 

CONDITION	IF CLAUSE	MAIN CLAUSE
Unfulfilled Condition	Past Simple	S-Modal-V1-O
	Past Simple	Past Simple

 

Example:

Ø If I had a briefcase, I would give it to her.

Ø If there was a shortage of goods, the prices of goods increased.

Ø If he had worked harder, he would have passed the examination.

Ø If I were not so tired, I would go to the cinema with you.

Ø If he tried to threaten me, I would inform his father.

 

CONDITION	IF CLAUSE	MAIN CLAUSE
Imaginary Condition	Past Perfect	S-Modal+have-V3-O

 

Ø If he had come to me, I would have helped him.

Ø If he had tried to cheat me, I would have dismissed him.

Ø If I ware bird, I would have flown in the sky.

 

Other types of conditional sentences:

Ø Unless you attend the college you cannot pass.

Ø Until he comes back you will wait for him.

Ø Inform me in case you need more money.

Ø I shall support her so long he is her.

Ø Suppose a monkey comes here what will you do?

Ø But for his help Ramesh would have been ruined.

 

Exercise for you:

Correct the following sentences:-

1.  If he will work hard, he will get promotion.

2.  Unless he will ask me, I shall not help him.

3.  If I had a briefcase, I will have lend it to her.

4.  If you will heat ice, it may turn to water.

5.  If you are looking for Sita, you would find her with Ram.

6.  If I was you, I would dismiss him.

7.  Unless he comes back, wait for him.

8.  Until you work hard, you can’t beat him.

9.  Suppose she does not agree, what could you do?

10.                   If he tried again, he can pass.

 Translation: Conditional Clause (Odia To English)/ If Clause

Active Voice VS Passive Voice// All about Passive Voice

Translation: Passive (Odia To English)

Active Voice VS Passive Voice

 

(Active Voice)	(Passive Voice)
Ø Rams helps Hari. Ø He sings a song. Ø We played football. Ø My father bought me a pen. Ø They admitted me in hospital.	Ø Hari is helped by Rama. Ø A song is sung by him. Ø Football was played by us. Ø A pen was bought for me. Ø I was admitted in hospital by them.

 

 

 

 

Definition:-

Active Voice: Ø A verb is in the active voice when, the agent is prominent in a given sentence. Ø Importance on who has done?           (Doer/ Subject/ Agent)

Passive voice: Ø Passive voice is that form of a verb which shows, the person or thing acted upon is prominent in a sentence. Ø Importance goes to what has been done or for whom something has been done.           (Direct/Indirect Object)

 

Use:

Conditions	Examples
vWhen subject is unknown or well-known. vWhen importance goes to object rather than subject. vFor Scientific and Technical writing.	vThe mirror was broken yesterday. vThe white tiger was killed by the hunter. vHydro Chloric Acid is produced when hydrogen and chlorine are mixed.

 

Note:

vA verb can be changed or written in passive form if there is a transitive verb in the given sentence.

vTo confirm a verb is if transitive, ask question using “what? To verb” for direct object and “whom?” for indirect object.

vNormally direct objects are nouns while indirect objects are objective case (accusative) pronouns like “me, us, them, him etc.

 

 

Structure of Passive Sentences:

Active Voice	Passive Voice Structure
Simple Present Ø Sita writes letter.	Object-Is/ Are-Verb3-(by Subject) Ø Letter is written by Sita.
Simple Past Ø We played cricket.	Object-was/ were-Verb3-(by Subject) Ø Cricket was played by us.
Simple Future Ø She will pluck flower.	Object-shall be/ will be-Verb3-(by Subject) Ø Flower will be plucked by her.
Present Continuous Ø The labor is repairing the road.	Object-is/are+being-Verb3- (by Subject) Ø The road is being repaired by the labor.
Past Continuous Ø Ram was taking the bow.	Object-was/were+being-Verb3- (by Subject) Ø The bow was being taken by Ram.
Present perfect Ø She has asked question.	Object-has/have+been-Verb3- (by Subject) Ø Question has been asked by her.
Past perfect Ø They had admitted him in medical.	Object-had+been-Verb3- (by Subject) Ø He had been admitted in medical by them.
Modal verbs. Ø I can paint the wall.	Object-modal+be-Verb3- (by Subject) Ø The wall can be painted by me.
Imperative sentences Ø Shut the window. Ø Please open the door. Ø Listen to me. Ø Work hard.	Let-Object-Be- V3 Ø Let the window be shut. Ø You are requested to open the door. Ø I should be listened to. Ø You are advised to work hard.
Infinitives Ø I am to finish this work	Object-be verb/have verb-to be-v3 Ø This work is to be finished by me.
Causative verb Ø I made him polish my shoes.	He was made to polish my shoes.
Double passive Ø She wrote the book and got published.	Ø The book was written and got published by her.

 

Passive of Negative statement, interrogative (yes/No Question and Wh-Question)

Example:

 

She cooked food for us.	Food was cooked for us.
She did not cook food for us.	Food was not cooked for us.
Did she cook food for us?	Was food cooked for us?
Who cooked food for us?	By whom food was cooked?
What did she cook for us?	What was cooked for us?
Why did she cook food for us?	Why food was cooked for us?
How did she cook food for us?	How was food cooked for us?

 

He needs a pen	A pen is needed by him.
He does not need a pen.	A pen is not needed by him.
Does he need a pen?	Is a pen needed by him?
Who needs a pen?	By whom a pen is needed?
What does he need?	What is needed by him?
Why does he need a pen?	Why is a pen needed by him?

 

 

 

Exercise

Change the sentences into passive and interchange into negative, interrogative sentences as well.

1.  The movie surprises me.

2.  The movie bored me.

3.  Jane is helping Suresh.

4.  They were cleaning the bedroom.

5.  Janu has mailed the gift.

6.  Jack had directed the movie.

7.  I will send the doll.

8.  Survi is going to make two cakes.

9.  Shanu will invite Toni to the party.

The lazy students may do the homework.